c. 1580–1650 The Provincial who apostatised, 1633 Also written: Cristóvão Ferreira · クリストヴァン・フェレイラ
The Portuguese Provincial of the Japan mission who renounced the faith after five hours in the pit at Nagasaki — the most shocking apostasy of the persecution era. He lived out his life as Sawano Chūan, interpreter and informant to the magistrates who had broken him.